Schyłkowoneolityczny pochówek na stanowisku X w Ząbiu, gmina Stawiguda, powiat Olsztyn, województwo warmińsko-mazurskie

Abstrakt

Podczas prowadzonych jesienią 1999 roku prac wykopaliskowych na stanowisku X w Ząbiu1 /Fig. 1/ pod warstwą kulturową odkryto, zniszczoną częściowo jamę grobową, w obrębie której znajdowała się górna część szkieletu młodego mężczyzny. Obiektowi temu nadano numer 78 /Fig. 2/.<br>THE LATE NEOLITHIC GRAVE FROM ZĄBIE, SITE X (STAWIGUDA COMMUNE). Site X in Z^bie is located on a sandy island in the south-eastern part of the tahskie Lake (nowadays connected with the land with a swampy passage). The island consists of two mounds. Excavations at the site, which have been carried since 1997, have been concentrated on the southern, bigger mound. A partly destroyed pit grave was exposed in 1999. It was detected that two Early Iron age pits had been cut into the north-eastern and western parts of the grave. In result of it only bones constituting the torso remained intact. The grave pit was originally of rectangular shape with rounded corners, and trough-like in its section. According to anthropological examination we are dealing with a skeleton belonging to male adolescent (aged 18- 25), of white race (armenoid), of a strong physique, and without traces of any diseases. The most likely the body was buried in flexed position, on its left side, with the head to the east, and faced to the south. Findings coming from grave are as follows: • a beaker bearing an impressed ornamentation (complex motif consisting of a cord impression and two belts with geometrical impressions, one of triangle and the other of ovoid shape); • four pendants of horn, imitating animal teeth; • four flint objects: an end-scraper and three flakes of different size; • a small-sized lump of ochre; • some fragments of fish backbone. On the basis of stylistic and technological features, one can date this assemblage as early as the Late Neolithic age period. However, the question of cultural affinity is more problematic. It reveals both characteristics of the "corded ware" horizon as well as of the "forest" Neolithic zone, with particular indication to the Neman Culture in case of the latter. At the present state of research, it is reasonable to suppose that the grave represents a kind of regional, Late Neolithic unit of the Neman culture being under the strong influence of the "corded ware" horizon.