Rydno – stanowisko Nowy Młyn, wykop I/2015, woj. świętokrzyskie. Badania w roku 2015

Abstrakt

In 2015, archaeological survey was conducted in thearea of the plot no. 1651/12 in Skarżysko-Kamiennain connection with planned exploitation of sand field ‘Łyżwy III’ located there. Thefieldwork was undertaken dueto the fact that the plot was situated within the strict conservation zone of Rydno complex, which stretched along the valley of the Kamienna River between Skarżysko and Wąchock. The planned sand mine will cover an area of approximately 2 hectares. Owing to the extent and long- -term nature of the investment, the owner of the land assumes that the field will be exploited in several phases. This report concerns the first portion of the plot, covering an area of 35 ares, located in its north-eastern part. Its working name is ‘Sector A’ (Fig. 1). It should be remembered that according to the traditional division of Rydno, ‘Sector A’ is situated near Nowy Młyn, along the western edge of an area called Sahara (SCHIELD ET AL. 2011: 46, 47). The performed survey and trial pits resulted in discovering three assemblages of flint artefacts (A, B, C). The areas of the pits range from 0.5 to 1.5 ares (Fig. 2). Additionally, it has been detected that they contain anthropogenic hematite structures. Assemblages A and B have been associated with the Arch Backed Piece Technocomplex. Artefacts from Assemblage C lack characteristic features and as a consequence it is impossible to indicate their taxonomic attribution. Assemblage A was excavated in autumn 2015. Altogether, 2430 flint forms and 3 stone artefacts made of local quartzite sandstone were documented. Apart from that, relics of an oval feature, stained with hematite, were unearthed. The artefacts were situated inside the feature and around it. Nevertheless, both the contour of the feature and the distribution of the artefacts had been strongly disturbed by post-depositional factors (Fig. 3). The typological, technological and raw material (high percentage of erratic flint) structure of the assemblage has close analogies among the Arch Backed Piece Technocomplex inventories dated to the Alleröd interphase. The homogeneous nature of the assemblage is confirmed by the high frequency of refits. The uniqueness and scientific value of the site imply the necessity to continue research in the area in the following years.