‘Brown-Clay’ Amphorae from Gonio (Apsaros)
2018, 57
Jagiellonian University, Faculty of History
Data publikacji
Model publikowania
Rodzaj licencji
Dziedzina
Dyscyplina
Język publikacji
Pliki do pobrania
PDF 303 KB
Liczba wyświetleń:334
Liczba pobrań:64
Cytowania Crossref:0
Wynik Altmetric:0
Abstrakt
This paper presents the first study of the so-called ‘brown-clay’ amphorae discovered by the Gonio-Apsaros Polish-Georgian Expedition in the Roman fort of Apsaros (modern Gonio, Georgia) between 2014 and 2018. In the course of five excavation seasons, 157 diagnostic fragments of these containers were attested, all belonging to variants Ch 1B2 and Ch 1C dated to between c. 50 BC and the 3rd century AD. Thus, they confirm the existence of the Apsaros fortress during the first three centuries of the present era. Both Colchian and south-eastern Pontic containers were found in Apsaros, the latter produced probably in Trapezus. This suggests the south-eastern Pontic provenance of some of the imports in Apsaros, especially until the end of the 1st century AD. On the other hand, local production of containers indicates that the area of the fortress might have produced food surpluses (probably wine), which during the late 1st and throughout the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD were exported to other areas neighbouring the Black Sea.
Bibliografia
Japaridze V. 1989 Vardcixis naqalaqari / Vardtsikhe’s Settlement, Tbilisi.
Kakhidze E. 2003 Apsaros. A Roman fort in southern Georgia, Pontos 3, 303–332.
Karasiewicz-Szczypiorski R., Mamuladze S., Jaworski P., Wagner M. 2016 Gonio (Apsaros) in Adjara: excavation of a Roman fort interim report on the first season of the Polish-Georgian archaeological expedition, Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean 25, 521–532.
Kassab Tezgör D. 2002 La production sinopéenne et ses relations avec la Colchide à l’époque romaine, (in:) O. Lordkipanidze, P. Lévêque (eds), Pont Euxin et commerce: la genèse de la ‘route de la soie’. Actes du IXe Symposium de Vani (Colchide, 1999), Paris, 199–218.
Kassab Tezgör D., Akkaya M. 2000 Les amphores ‘pseudo-colchidiennes’ du musée de Samsun, Anatolia Antiqua VIII, 127–141.
Khalvashi M. 2002 Keramikuli tara Gonio-Afsarosidan / Ceramic containers of Gonio-Apsaros, Gonio-Apsara 2, Batumi.
Lomitashvili D., Colvin I. 2009 Late Roman – early Byzantine kilns and production from Nokalakevi-Archaeopolis, (in:) D. Kassab Tezgör, N. Inaishvili (eds), Patabs I. Production and Trade of Amphorae in the Black Sea, Actes de la Table Ronde internationale de Batoumi et Trabzon, 27-29 Avril 2006, Paris, 35–38.
Lordipanidze O.D. 1966 The Classical World and Ancient Colchis, Tbilisi.
Mamuladze S., Karasiewicz-Szczypiorski R., Shalikadze T., Surmanidze N., Kakhidze E. 2016 Interim report on the PolishGeorgian excavation of a Roman fort in Gonio (Apsaros) in 2014, Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean 25, 533–552.
Mikhlin B.Y. 1974 Amfori ‘korichnevoi’ glini iz severozapadnogo Krima / Brown-clay amphorae from the north-western Crimea, Sovetskaya Archeologija 2, 60–67.
Robinson J. 2006 The Oxford Companion to Wine, Oxford.
Tsetskhladze G.R. 1992 The production of amphorae in Colchis, (in:) V.I. Monakhov, S.Y. Kats (eds), Grecheskie amfory. Problemy razvitiya remesla i torgovli v antichnom mire / Greek Amphorae. Questions of the Development of Craft and Trade in the Ancient World, Saratov, 90–110.
Tsetskhladze G.R. 1999 Pichvnari and its Environs: 6th c. BC – 4th c. AD, Paris.
Tsetskhladze G.R., Vnukov S.Y. 1992 Colchian Amphorae: Typology, Chronology, and Aspects of Production, Annual of the British School at Athens 87, 357–386.
Tsetskhladze G.R., Vnukov S.Y. 1993 Les amphores Colchidiennes, Anatolia Antiqua II, 81–105.
Vinogradov Y.G., Onaiko N.A. 1975 Ob ekonomicheskikh svyazaskh Geraklei Pontiiskoi s severnim i severo-vostochnim Prichernomor’em v ellinisticheskoe i rimskoe vremya / On the economic links of Heracleia Pontica with Northern and NorthEastern Black Sea region in Hellenistic and Roman time, Sovetskaya Archeologija 1, 86–92.
Vnukov S.Y. 2003 Prichernomorskie amfory I v. do n.e. - II v. n.e. (Morfologiya), Moskva.
Vnukov S.Y. 2009 Problems of ‘brown clay’ (Colchian) amphora studies. Typology, chronology, production centres, distribution, (in:) D. Kassab Tezgör, N. Inaishvili (eds), Patabs I. Production and Trade of Amphorae in the Black Sea, Actes de la Table Ronde internationale de Batoumi et Trabzon, 27-29 Avril 2006, Paris, 29–32.
Vnukov S.Y. 2011 ‘Colchian’ amphorae from Abkhazia, (in:) C. Tzochev, T. Stoyanov, A. Bozkova (eds), Patabs 2. Production and trade of amphorae in the Black Sea. Acts of the International Round Table held in Kiten, Nessebar and Sredetz, September 26–30, 2007, Sofia.
Vnukov S.Y. 2013 Amfory rimskogo vremeni gorodishcha Kara-Tobe, Drevnosti Bospora 17, 21–54.
Xen. An. 1998 Xenophon Anabasis, transl. by C.L. Brownson, Cambridge.
Zeest I.B. 1951 Novie dannie o torgovikh svyazyakh Bospora s yuzhnim Prichernomor’em / New data about the trade links of Bosporus with Southern Black Sea region, Vestnik drevney istorii 2, 106–116.
Zeest I.B. 1960 Keramicheskaia tara Bospora, Materialy i issledovanija po archeologii SSSR 83.