Przedstawienie liktora ze zbiorów Muzeum Narodowego w Warszawie

Abstrakt

W magazynach Muzeum Narodowego w Warszawie znajduje się zabytek określony jako biust portretowy liktora.1 Zabytek pochodzący z kolekcji Anny z Tyszkiewiczów Potockiej secundo voto Dunin-Wąsowiczowej,2 publikowany już kilkakrotnie,3 nie wzbudza dziś większego zainteresowania. Szczegółowa analiza popiersia dostarcza jednak ciekawych informacji.<br>A RELIEF DEPICTING A LICTOR, TODAY IN THE NATIONAL MUSEUM IN WARSAW. The article consists of a detailed iconographical and stylistic analysis of a sculpture depicting a lictor, today the property of the National Museum in Warsaw. The object had been acquired in 1826-1827 in Italy by Anna Tyszkiewicz primo voto Potocka, secundo voto Dunin-W^sowiczowa in order to decorate her palace in Jablonna. The analyzed sculpture had been considered until now to be a Roman bust dating to the late IInd century AD. Basing on a typology of Roman busts presented by the author of the present article in her Master's thesis, a new interpretation and dating of the discussed object have been proposed. The shape and proportions of the sculpture indicated that we were not dealing with a portrait bust, but rather with a reworked sepulchral or historical relief (the remodeling of ancient works of art was common practice in the 18th and 19th centuries and finds parallels among other sculptures belonging to the collection of Anna Tyszkiewicz Potocka - Dunin- Wąsowiczowa). A new dating of the object - based on the stylistic analysis of such features as hairstyle, etc. - has been determined. The closest analogies are to be found among portraits executed in the late neronian and flavian periods. In the second part of the article the author deals with the iconography of lictors represented on historical reliefs. As it has been attempted to prove (relying mainly on the analysis of the costume - i.e. the sagum) the analyzed sculpture had formerly belonged to an unidentified historical relief dating to the flavian period.