The models of antique temples from Erebuni
2013, 52, Tom 52, Nr A
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Abstract
Erebunias one of the largest northeastern centres of the Urartian Kingdom is still attractive to scientists. In quite recent years, in 2008, a group of interesting artefacts uncovered by chance at the Erebuni citadel was handed over to theInstitute of Archaeology and Ethnography of the National Academy of Sciences of Republic of Armenia. 1 This collection consists of shivers in the shape of tiny parts ofantique buildings – Ionicand Corinthian capitals, shafts and bases of columns, eyes of volutes of the Ionic order cut out of white frail crumbly stone resembling limestone. Most of the fragments were burnt; they are noticeably friableand hereand therecovered with rust-coloured stains of oxides and long stay below the ground (fig. 1:1–9). Theresults of thelaboratory analysis show that the discovered fragments are made of local chalcedony widely spread in the Ararat valley, as well as in the whole territory of Armenia. 2 overall, 23 fragments were given to us – 14 shivers of fluted columns, 2 fragments of 2 Ioniccapitals, 2 fragments of Corinthian capitals and an upper part of a Corinthian column with a narrow strip of acanthus leaves, a fragment of a base and an eye of a volute. obviously, the described shivers are parts of tiny models of temples reflecting the hellenistic style. It is not excluded that they represent in miniature distinctive if not famous temples of ancient times. The discovery of such architectural models is quite rare and is of exceptional value not only for the history ofarchitectureand culture of Ancient Armenia but also for the whole of the hellenistic world. Despite the fact that those objects are unfortunately deprived of any archaeological context, the discovery of such an amount of fragments of models of ancient temples in the citadel of the former Urartian city makes us reconsider the issues concerning the later life in Erebuni in the hellenistic Period. In connection to this, it is noteworthy that in the Erebuni citadel some artefacts from the period in question were discovered in the past – a tetrahedron arrowhead and two coins of Emperor Augustus. They prove that the Erebuni fortress functioned up to the 1st c. AD (ЕСАян 1967: 71–74; ТИРАцян 1988: 24).
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